European History - The Spanish Inquisition :: European Europe History

The Spanish Inquisition This paper will attempt to accurately examine the development of the Spanish Inquisition, from the spread of the Inquisition into the Spanish territories through the ultimate upheaval, and the initial dissolvement, of the authority it held over the public who feared it. It will endeavor to show the implications of the Spanish Inquisition and how it was ultimately used as a device in its own undoing. Such an examination helps to explain the use of Church authority in secular governing, and later the separating of the Church from the crown. The paper will also take a closer look at this racial injustice in an attempt helping to see just how this may happen again if not understood and foreseen. The Church since its origins has suffered from the attack of heretics and their heresies, which have, caused many controversies and schisms within it. The Spanish Inquisition was independent of the medieval Inquisition, which evolved in the Middle Ages as an effective means of coping with the problem of heresy, which became a serious menace to the Catholic Church in the twelfth century. The fame of the Spanish Inquisition, as Ferdinand and Isabella established it at the close of the fifteenth century, was directed at Jewish merchant and Muslim traders, even under reluctant approval of Sixtus IV. The literal meaning of the word heretics is choosing, selecting beliefs outside or of different religions instead of accepting obediently the whole faith of the Catholic Church. Although, no authorities could completely agree on how to deal with the so-called problem of heretics, they did all agree that it had to be dealt with. A heretic is a highly unpopular person in a Middle Age town, the heretic is, then, seen as an equal to any common criminal, a rebel, and a pariah. Both civil and church authorities can run an inquisition in order to root out non-believers from a nation or religion in the wake of the decline of the Roman Empire. The Spanish Inquisition was used for both political and religious reasons and founded by the Catholic Kings in 1478 . Spain at the time was a nation-state that was born out of religious struggle between numerous different belief systems including Catholicism, Islam, Protestant and Judaism. Following the Crusades and the Reconquest of Spain by the Christian Spaniards the leaders of Spain needed a way to unify the country into a strong nation.

Influence of Dominant Culture

Eunice Oh Jerome 2/24/11 Essay 3 Draft 1 Influences of Dominant Cultures There are many historical stories and daily events where we can see influences of dominant cultures. When a dominant power controls a minority power, there can have some positive effects; however, most of the influences are negative. The memoir, When I Was Puerto Rican, by Esmeralda Santiago, is a great example of how the majority can have a variety of influences on the minority.The influences of a dominant culture on others can cause some limitations upon the minority’s actions or behaviors that can be seen as â€Å"against the norm†, can cause the minority to lose their culture and assimilate into the majority and possibly lead to suffering, mistreatment, and discrimination by majority groups. The dominant culture or power can cause some limitations to the minority’s actions. In the memoir, When I Was Puerto Rican, Negi shows how men have power over women in a family. In Puerto Rico, men a re supposed to work outside and be the breadwinner of the family.Women are not expected to have a job, but instead are subjected to a domestic role, such as doing the housework and raising children. This dominant traditional culture imposes many limitations on women such as not as many jobs are available compared to the opportunities offered to men and need to get married before they reach a certain age to not be called Jamonas, which translates to â€Å"old, unmarried woman†. In the memoir, Mami gets a job and tells Negi to take care of her siblings. This causes her family members to feel different ways.Negi expresses, â€Å"I couldn’t help the tears that broke my face into a million bits, which made her kneel and hold me†(112). Negi describes how Mami has to get up even earlier than before to make breakfast and go to work. The dominant culture of females doing the housework requires Mami to work both outside and at home. Also, since the dominant culture is exp ecting women to stay at home, people view Mami as a woman who does not fit with the norm. It is hard to break dominant traditional cultures that place many limitations on the minority.In Puerto Rico, people call unmarried old woman Jamonas. Because the dominant culture sees those women with certain perception, it already makes other people see Jamonas in a wrong way. This will impose many limitations on Jamonas’ actions such as when they try to get a job or to get married. Having limitations is not the only influence of the dominant culture. It can also cause the minority to lose their culture and become a part of the majority. In the article, â€Å"Alien Soil†, Jamaica Kincaid recalls what she sees about the influence of a dominant culture in her experience. There was naturally an attempt among some of them (Antiguans) to imitate their rulers in this particular way—by rearranging the landscape—and they did it without question†. Antiguan people are following the dominant ruler (the English) without noticing and questioning what they are doing. Since it is more likely that the majority will greatly influence the culture and way of life of the minority. It can result in the minority losing their culture. Also, as the dominant culture influences the minority, it is likely that the minority follows and believes that the dominant side seems right.When Hitler first became the dictator of Germany, it is certain that many citizens did not want Hitler to be the dictator. However, as Nazi power became dominant, citizens slowly jumped the bandwagon. Citizens, who could be seen as the minority in terms of power, chose to follow the new dominant culture in order to survive and for the good of the country. This resulted in tragedy, which killed an unbelievable number of Jewish people during World War II. Therefore, it is important to decide if it is okay to follow the dominant power.The Jewish people had to lose their culture since the Nazi s tried to wipe out the gene of the Jewish. They did not have any power to oppose Hitler, which just leads to their death. Puerto Rico can be seen as an independent country, but the ultimate power belongs to the United States. This indirect dominant power of the United States over Puerto Ricans causes many influences. The older generation in Puerto Rico mostly opposed on the United States having power over them, but the younger generation seems to prefer the way they live right now. This shift in opinion was because of dominant power.Since the United States helps them and was beneficial to them, the younger generation in Puerto Rico tend to follow the US’ dominant power. This might result in the loss of their culture due to the dominant culture’s influences. Another influence of the dominant culture is that the minority group usually suffers a lot of mistreatment and discrimination from the majority. Korea was once conquered by Japan around the early 1940’s, and some influences still remain as a scar in many people’s lives. Korea’s lack of improvement in the economy and educational system was later dominated by the Japanese style.This was one of the few good parts of Japanese dominant culture influences from Korea. However, there are many negative influences that required many sacrifices from Koreans. Japan was in the war with America at that time, therefore, Japan took most of the military resources from Korea. Most citizens were forced to work like slaves and not treated like human. Those sacrifices still remain in many people’s lives. It brings a lot of influences to younger generation, too. Koreans and Japanese often show hatred toward each other when thinking about their belligerent history.The memoir, Fairwell to Manzanar, by Jeanne Wakasuki, shows how the Japanese had to go through all the sacrifices because of the dominant power of the United States. After the Pearl Harbor attack, Japanese people were placed in internment camps, even though they did not commit any crimes directly. However, the dominant power of the United States was enough to force the Japanese to the camps. It led to a lot of turmoil for them. Jeanne’s father lost his pride and power as the head of the family. They had to give up on their home, friends, and live in harsh conditions.This historical memoir shows that dominant power can influence the lives of many people just because of they are powerless to fight back. There can be many positive influences of dominant cultures. However, having the dominant power on the minority is more likely to influence them in negative ways. It can cause many disturbances, such as the loss of minority power, and can also lead to sacrifices from the minority to survive from the majority. Therefore, it is crucial for both the majority and minority to cooperate to ensure the prosperity of the collective.

Oops, She Did It Again Essay - 1107 Words

11 October 2010 Oops, She Did It Again Over the past decade, Britney Spears has gone downhill little by little from becoming famous after being on Disney channel. While doing a case study on Britney Spears, I learned the music industry stole away her innocence and molded it into an attempt to transition from a pop princess to a sexy adult performer that would sweep millions. Her overexposure and paparazzi frenzy causes her to go insane because she has no privacy. Additionally, there is proof that Britney has had many psychotic breakdowns. Maybe the reason for her actions in the past has to do with the fact her children being taken away from her custody and her career going slowly down the drain. Also, she has been in a constant†¦show more content†¦After becoming popular nationwide, her music career boosted up while performing jaw-dropping concerts for the Super bowl, MTV, and VMA music awards. In one of the VMA’s, fans were disgusted when Britney kissed Madonna. Only wearing a bra a nd a mini-skirt, the music industry wanted her to be sexier as her fashion in clothing became unsuitable every time she recorded for a new music video. In the year of 2004, Britney married her back-up dancer Kevin Federline. Shortly afterwards, the newlyweds had their own reality show called Britney and Kevin: Chaotic. According to an interview with MSNBC, Britney claims her marriage was an act of rebellion saying, â€Å"I was on the road for awhile and again I was doing a lot of what I was told instead of what I wanted to really do. And I didn’t know how to break out of that. So in my young mind I’m like, I’m gonna just get married to someone of my home friends. You know what I mean? It was just like something. But I have no regrets with anything I’ve ever done† (Spears). Two years after marriage, Britney files for a divorce with Kevin because he was caught partying with other girls. Assuming she was depressed over the divorce and annoyed by the paparazzi, Britney gains weight, surprisingly shaves her head, then checks into a rehab center. Britney’s cry for help caught the media’s attention so they kept following her after she left the Promises rehab center. After the rehab incident, hairless Britney attacked aShow MoreRelatedPersonal Essay : English Writing Essay1241 Words   |  5 Pagesthere she is, my mother perched upon the porch calling my name. I know it is not time for dinner yet since it is still bright and sunny out. I turn to my friend to inform her that I will go home to find out why my mother is calling me and then return as soon as I can.   Ã‚  Ã‚   As I am running home, I feel the wind all around and I attempt to huddle inside myself as I walk up the steps. 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